During the 1000's the seliq turks, muslims from central asia, gained control of Palestine. It was known to the Christians as the Holy Land. The turks went on to attack Asia Minor, part of the byzantine. When they threatened Constantinople, the byzantine empire called pope Urban II in Rome for help. In 1095, Urban caled a meeting of church leaders and feudal lords. The met in Clermont France. He asked the lords to stop fighting amongst themselves and join in a war to win back the holy land. The wore the cross of Christ on their right shoulderor back and cry out God wills it, God wills it.
Thus, the crusades began, a series of military expeditions to regain the holy land. 10000 Europeans took up the cause. cruciata means marked with a cross. Some joined to save souls,some hoped to gain land and wealth in Palestineand southwesdt Asia, and some saw a chance for money.
The first Crusade lasted from 1096 to 1099. French and Itailian lords led several armies of crusaders from Europe to Constantinopl. The Byzantine emporer was suspicious of them. After discussion, he allowed them to pass. Started long march to Palestine. Had few animals to carry supplies, so they had little suplies. The forged to Antinoch. Their main target was Jerusalem. Italian ships bbrought supplies. The Turks, were disunited and unable to prevent crusaders from surrounding a city. After many battles, the crusaders captured the city.
The capture brought much of the holy land under European rule. They set up four small states. They introduced the idea of European feudalism and subdivided the land into fiefs. The Christians and Muslims grew to respect eachotehr. Europeans began to ajust to customs. For 100 years Eurp Christians held onto Palestine.
Second Crusade- By 1146 the turks united their forcess. In 1147, the second crusade began. King louis the seventh of france and german king conrad the third led seperate armies across euro.
1187- third crusade began, saladin gained control of Jerusalem three Eruo rules fredrick barbossa king philip the second and king richard the first of england led seperate armies to 3rd crusade from 1189 to 1192. It failed, when barbossa drowned.
Fourth
Pope innocent gathered French Nights for Fourth crusade. 1202, tehy left to venice. The Venitians Persuaaded the crusaders to attack Zadar, a christian city. 1204, raided Constantinople. because itt was a christian city, the crusaders were later excommunicated by Pope Innocent. Constantinople was ruled by by western europe for 60 years. Byzantine eventually gained rule of Constantinople, but never regained strength, but collapsed when the turks seized them in 1453.
1212, childrens crusade started. Young people tried to take the holy land. Some of the children were sent home buy the pope, and some that made it to france were tricked into getting on a boad that would lead them to slavery. Several thousand children were lost, mostly from Germany and France, on the journey.
For many years, Euro. crusaders tried to recapture the holy land. The crusades lsted until 1291, when the muslims captured the ciry of Acre, teh last christiain stronghold in the Holy Land. With Acre's fall, the crusades ended.
The goal of the crusades were to take the Holy land from the turks. All, but the first failed to reach the goal. By the end, the muslims controlled Palestine.
During the crusades, the choice weapon wass the crossbow. The weapon fired a short heavy arrow called a bolt with the pull of a trigger. It also required less skill than the original bow. It could penetrate chain mail and plate armor. They learned how to undermine walls and use catapults.
Weapon changed from bow to to catipults, and discovered gunpowder. Kings made taxes, and armies. \
Church got more powerful.
Italy became a great trade center. Ships from Italy brought crusaders to the holy land. The ships came back back loaded with food from south Asia. Euro. began to purchase the goods .
Monday, January 30, 2012
Thursday, January 26, 2012
Vow of Silence
Before the vow of silence, I had mixed feelings about how I was going to feel about it when we got to start it. Before we started, I thought to myself of how we were supposed to still work even though we couldn't talk to anyone. In the first few minutes, I'll admit, I didn't really see the part about it that was supposed to be fun, but as we went through it, I found that it was more fun to not be able to talk because it made it more of a challenge. And I'm teh type of person that likes being challenged, rather than easily coasting through things. And although, for the most part, it was challenging, I often found that it could also be fun and enjoyable. And some parts were also really easy, like the typing.
If I had to take a whole day's worth of a vow of silence, it would be harder than it was today. Mostly, the hard part would be during lunch because most of my friends are there and we never stop talking. But in my other classes, it wouldn't be as hard because I never talk that much in them.
During the vow of silence, I learned more than I expected. I learned that you need to be able to work as a team and cooperate. Also, I learned how challenging it would be if I couldn't talk to anyone. And there are a few neccesary skills that you should know in order to try it. First of all, you need to be able cooperate. Also, you need to have patient and be creative for the person to understand you. But overall, I thought that the challenge was fun and exciting, and I might want to try it again.
If I had to take a whole day's worth of a vow of silence, it would be harder than it was today. Mostly, the hard part would be during lunch because most of my friends are there and we never stop talking. But in my other classes, it wouldn't be as hard because I never talk that much in them.
During the vow of silence, I learned more than I expected. I learned that you need to be able to work as a team and cooperate. Also, I learned how challenging it would be if I couldn't talk to anyone. And there are a few neccesary skills that you should know in order to try it. First of all, you need to be able cooperate. Also, you need to have patient and be creative for the person to understand you. But overall, I thought that the challenge was fun and exciting, and I might want to try it again.
Notes
Bathing
1. People bathed once a month
2. People wore the same clothes day after day, they only had one outfit.
3. They used lavender flowers and mint in the water for cleaning. These were used to keep teh fleas away because tehy had a lot of animals and straw in tehir houses.
Chairman
1. The word chairman comes from the Middle Ages where a house only had one chair, for the eclusive use of the man of hte family.
Sleeping
1. At night time people would pile onto a matress- a lump of straw on teh floor. The whole family slept in teh same bed (Mom, Dad, Sisters, Brothers). If an animal was friendly tehy may sleep in the bed to keep you warm of course.
Troubadours
1. Troubadours travled from town to town "singing for their supper"
2. His songs were often about love or the glory of kings.
3. Troubadours would strum a lute or a guitar.
Bathing
1. People bathed once a month
2. People wore the same clothes day after day, they only had one outfit.
3. They used lavender flowers and mint in the water for cleaning. These were used to keep teh fleas away because tehy had a lot of animals and straw in tehir houses.
Chairman
1. The word chairman comes from the Middle Ages where a house only had one chair, for the eclusive use of the man of hte family.
Sleeping
1. At night time people would pile onto a matress- a lump of straw on teh floor. The whole family slept in teh same bed (Mom, Dad, Sisters, Brothers). If an animal was friendly tehy may sleep in the bed to keep you warm of course.
Troubadours
1. Troubadours travled from town to town "singing for their supper"
2. His songs were often about love or the glory of kings.
3. Troubadours would strum a lute or a guitar.
Tuesday, January 24, 2012
Notes
Anglo Saxons were two german tribes combined together. They created Angeland, which is now England.
Shires- people who collected taxes, like sheriffs nowadays
Alfred the great was the first anglo saxon king, edward the confessor was the last anglo saxon king.
When edward died, he didn't have an heir, so harold godwenson, a brother in-law, and william the duke of normandy, who was his cousin, but willian was from normandy, france.
The battle of Hastings was one of the best battles ever. The battle was basically over before it started, and william one. So he was named william the conqueroer for his unanioumous victory. When he was king, he wanted to take quick actions.
1. He took the first census from ancient times. They came to house to keep track of household pop, and to tax the house. Compiled the info together, and they made the domesday book, nicknamed the doomsday book, because of the taxes.
2. When he died, he was succeeded by Herny I.
No one noticed Henry,
Henry II- When Henry II succedeed his dad, he immediately took action. His first law was that the church had to be accountable under the law. His best friend, Thomas Becket, however, didn't like the law. So Becket went to parliament to confront Henry II about the laws. The two got into a heated argument when Becket finally stormed out
When he died, John, his son succeeds him.
John- he is fiesty, he doesn't know how to lead, and when people made them mad, he went to war, To pay for the army, he taxed the 87%. So the people meet at Rummaneede. They came up with the Magna Carta, latin for great charter. He was forced to sign it.
Magna Carta was important becasue it was foundation for the US Constatuition.
Magna Carta- In 1215, powerful nobles came together to stop Henry II's tax prices. The made teh Magna Carta and forced him to sign it. It's purpose was to limit the king's powers. Freedom from teh article were spread to all citizens. It also provided citizens rights.
Shires- people who collected taxes, like sheriffs nowadays
Alfred the great was the first anglo saxon king, edward the confessor was the last anglo saxon king.
When edward died, he didn't have an heir, so harold godwenson, a brother in-law, and william the duke of normandy, who was his cousin, but willian was from normandy, france.
The battle of Hastings was one of the best battles ever. The battle was basically over before it started, and william one. So he was named william the conqueroer for his unanioumous victory. When he was king, he wanted to take quick actions.
1. He took the first census from ancient times. They came to house to keep track of household pop, and to tax the house. Compiled the info together, and they made the domesday book, nicknamed the doomsday book, because of the taxes.
2. When he died, he was succeeded by Herny I.
No one noticed Henry,
Henry II- When Henry II succedeed his dad, he immediately took action. His first law was that the church had to be accountable under the law. His best friend, Thomas Becket, however, didn't like the law. So Becket went to parliament to confront Henry II about the laws. The two got into a heated argument when Becket finally stormed out
When he died, John, his son succeeds him.
John- he is fiesty, he doesn't know how to lead, and when people made them mad, he went to war, To pay for the army, he taxed the 87%. So the people meet at Rummaneede. They came up with the Magna Carta, latin for great charter. He was forced to sign it.
Magna Carta was important becasue it was foundation for the US Constatuition.
Magna Carta- In 1215, powerful nobles came together to stop Henry II's tax prices. The made teh Magna Carta and forced him to sign it. It's purpose was to limit the king's powers. Freedom from teh article were spread to all citizens. It also provided citizens rights.
Thursday, January 12, 2012
What Country I would Want To Visit
If I could choose one country to visit, I would like to visit the UK. First of all, I would like to see all of the famous attractions, including the London Eye. It would be fun to go so high up to see all of the UK. I would also like to see the place where Harry Potter was filmed. These are the main reasons of why I would like to visit the UK.
Wednesday, January 11, 2012
Pop-up book notes
Lindsey- Bosnia1. Serbvian is the languange of Bosnia.
2. The population is about 4.2 million.
3. Bosnia has a rich literary system dating back many centuries ago.
4. Bosnia is mostly a democracy.
5. In Bosnian children stories, the main ideas of the stories are religious and related to life.
Shania- Peru
1. The most spoken language is spanish.
2. Peru's own accomplice is a classic literary story.
3. Carlosa is a famous childrens writer in Peru.
4. In Peru, a lot of children play a mix of sports, or other games like marbles.
5. Officials are elected in Peru's government.
Faith- Brazil
1. Brazil is the only south american country to not speak spanish.
2. Folk tales and nursery rhymes were first told by the indegious people.
3. Queimaba is a popular childrens gamem, like tag.
4. One fourth of Brazil's kids don't go to school.
5. The governement is a presidential representative democratic republic.
Caleb- Zimbabwe
1. The capitol of Zimbabwe is Hoarri.
2. In Zimbabwe, common languages are English and other, lesser known languages like Tonga.
3. Why does a crocodile have hard scaly skin is a name of a classic children story.
4. The national food is salsa.
5. In Zimbabwe, there are two levels of education, primary aand secondary.
Spain John
1. In the 15th century, Spain, was beginning to colonize America.
2. There is roughly 40 million people in Brazil.
3. Salvador Ali, is a famous writer.
4. Pio Peep is a famous childrens book.
5. Turron is a famous candy, made from almonds.
Hannah- Portugal
1. The population is 10,760,305.
2. Hernando Passoa is one of Brazil's famous authors.
3. Fly ladybug fly, is a classic Portugal tale, that is confusing.
4. The government is a parliamentary democracy.
5. A child on Christams would write to Jesus instead of santa.
Haley- Switzerland.
1. In 1291, the Swiss Confederacy was formed.
2. Most children go to public schools, but a lot also go to private schools.
3. The most common spoken language is Swedish.
4. Albert Stephen, was a famous poet, who wrote the "Death Expreiences of Man."
5. Ortez Lindburger is a politician in Switzerland.
Samantha- Morocco
1. The official language is Arabic.
2. The capitol is Rabbi.
3. The alphabet has 28 letters, all consonants.
4. The write, right to left, not left to right.
5. I have my daddy, I have my mommy, is a famous childrens literary work.
Madori- Germany
1. Other languages besides German, is Russian.
2. Eric Castle is a famous children book writer.
3. A popular game is when children put on oven mitts and try to cut and eat chocolate in a certain amount of time.
4. The current president is Christian Walt.
5. A traditional meal is fraggle, or fried potatoes, and cabbage, and creamy onion soup.
Krista- Barbados
1. One meal considered a delicacy is a dolphin.
2. The flag has a picture of a trident on it.
3. Barbados has a prime minister who leads the area.
4. Most of the nursery rhyhmes are just different versions of classic American stories.
5. When children are born, they are given a bucket and a shovel.
Kristen- Japan
1. Sushi, is a common meal, which can be served raw.
2. Japaneses is the main language spoken in Japan.
3. Mattsuo Bosho, is a famous author in Japan.
4. It is one of the most educated population of people.
5.The government is a constitutional monarchy, and they use prime ministers.
Tatylor- Fiji
1. Education in Fiji is highly expensive.
2. There is no native language for Fiji, however, most people speak English.
3. There are many childrens story in Fiji, mostly about happiness.
4. A custom in Fiji, is to not wear hats in the villiage, becasue its dissrespectful.
5. Jovvo is a huge feast in Fiji.
Raychel- Italy
1. The capitol city of Italy is Rome.
2. Leonardo Divinchi, is a famous person, and writer from Italy.
3. Famous books are cinderelle, and "uno, dos, tres, quatro."
4. The food is very traditional.
5. Befanda, delivers presents on January 5th.
Karlie- Eygpt
1. They only give flowers for weddings.
2. The preseident stepped down, so they are currently ruled by the military.
3. They speak Arabic, and have their own dialect for speaking.
4. One of the journalists in Egypt is named Omar.
5. Handshakes are a way to greet people.
Paige- Argentina
1 Iguazoo falls is a popular tourist attractions.
2. The official language is spanish.
3. There are few popular childrens books but one is named "The Magic Bean Tree."
4. Children play a lot of the same things we do, including sports like their most famous sport, soccer.
5. Most buisnesses close during lunch, so people can go home and eat.
Katara- France
1. France's flag has red, white, and blue stripes.
2. Ingrediants vary for diferent regions in France.
3. Victor Hugo wrote the Hunchback of Notre Dame.
4. American children stories mean the same thing in France.
5. They have toy libraries so you can check out whatever toy you want.
Gunnar- Thailand
1. The currency is the Baht.
2. Their government is a parliamentary government, in which it is ruled by a King.
3. They have three army branches, and one of the biggest armies in the world.
4. Education is free up to age seventeen.
5. The average IQ for someone in Thailand is 98, and they have one of the highest literary rates in the world.
Dale- Panama
1. The population is 3,515,820.
2. They are mostly Roman Catholic.
3. The capitol is Panama City.
4. Childrens play with marbles, dolls, cars, etc...
5. The government is a Constitutional Republic.
Courtney- Scotland
1. The language is similar to English, but spelling and pronunciations are different.
2. Children play with the same things kids in America play with.
3. The government was created in 1999, and has remained the same.
4. The education is different from ours, becasue they get payed for school after 18.
5. Haggus is a common food.
Josh- United Kingom
1. The capitol city is London.
2. The most common language is English.
3. One of the most famous authors is J.K. Rowling, who wrote Harry Potter.
4. A popular sport is cricket, which is a mix of baseball, golf, and bowling.
5. Fish and chips is a common meal.
Viola- Ireland
1. The population is 4,481,000 people.
2. Mary Teresa Robinson is a recent leader.
3. The language is mostly Irish.
4. Irish literature became fully literate in the 15th century.
5. Letter, is a game commonly played, and it is like duck, duck, goose.
Gabbrielle- Bolivia
1. The population is 10,118,603.
2. Spanish is the most common language, but they speak about 30 different languages.
3. Humpty Dumpty is a famous nursery rhyme.
4. Most of the games are based on education.
5. Bolivia is a Republic.
Abby- Madagascar
1. The population is 24.1 million.
2. Malai, is a common language, along with English and French.
3. The Monkey is a classic nursery rhyme.
4. Roboka is a form of tag.
5. The cheif of state is the president of Madagascar.
Chase- Venezuala
1. The population is 27,635,743.
2. Spanish is the main language.
3. Jose, is a famous writer.
4. Traditional toys are marbles and tops.
5. Their government is a federal Republic.
Sara- Sweden
1. One or two days before Christmas, they put up their Christmas Tree.
2. Many famous authors came from Sweden.
3. Childrens literature is very important in Sweden.
4. Most kids play with marbles, dolls, etc...
5. They have a constitutional democracy, mixed with a parliamentary democracy.
Kelsea- El Saavdor
1. Children and elderly drink coffee, while teens drink soda.
2. A lot of people speak Spanish, but some stil speak their native language.
3. Poetry is the most common form of literature.
4. Most kids play with common American toys.
5. Traditional food is made with corn.
2. The population is about 4.2 million.
3. Bosnia has a rich literary system dating back many centuries ago.
4. Bosnia is mostly a democracy.
5. In Bosnian children stories, the main ideas of the stories are religious and related to life.
Shania- Peru
1. The most spoken language is spanish.
2. Peru's own accomplice is a classic literary story.
3. Carlosa is a famous childrens writer in Peru.
4. In Peru, a lot of children play a mix of sports, or other games like marbles.
5. Officials are elected in Peru's government.
Faith- Brazil
1. Brazil is the only south american country to not speak spanish.
2. Folk tales and nursery rhymes were first told by the indegious people.
3. Queimaba is a popular childrens gamem, like tag.
4. One fourth of Brazil's kids don't go to school.
5. The governement is a presidential representative democratic republic.
Caleb- Zimbabwe
1. The capitol of Zimbabwe is Hoarri.
2. In Zimbabwe, common languages are English and other, lesser known languages like Tonga.
3. Why does a crocodile have hard scaly skin is a name of a classic children story.
4. The national food is salsa.
5. In Zimbabwe, there are two levels of education, primary aand secondary.
Spain John
1. In the 15th century, Spain, was beginning to colonize America.
2. There is roughly 40 million people in Brazil.
3. Salvador Ali, is a famous writer.
4. Pio Peep is a famous childrens book.
5. Turron is a famous candy, made from almonds.
Hannah- Portugal
1. The population is 10,760,305.
2. Hernando Passoa is one of Brazil's famous authors.
3. Fly ladybug fly, is a classic Portugal tale, that is confusing.
4. The government is a parliamentary democracy.
5. A child on Christams would write to Jesus instead of santa.
Haley- Switzerland.
1. In 1291, the Swiss Confederacy was formed.
2. Most children go to public schools, but a lot also go to private schools.
3. The most common spoken language is Swedish.
4. Albert Stephen, was a famous poet, who wrote the "Death Expreiences of Man."
5. Ortez Lindburger is a politician in Switzerland.
Samantha- Morocco
1. The official language is Arabic.
2. The capitol is Rabbi.
3. The alphabet has 28 letters, all consonants.
4. The write, right to left, not left to right.
5. I have my daddy, I have my mommy, is a famous childrens literary work.
Madori- Germany
1. Other languages besides German, is Russian.
2. Eric Castle is a famous children book writer.
3. A popular game is when children put on oven mitts and try to cut and eat chocolate in a certain amount of time.
4. The current president is Christian Walt.
5. A traditional meal is fraggle, or fried potatoes, and cabbage, and creamy onion soup.
Krista- Barbados
1. One meal considered a delicacy is a dolphin.
2. The flag has a picture of a trident on it.
3. Barbados has a prime minister who leads the area.
4. Most of the nursery rhyhmes are just different versions of classic American stories.
5. When children are born, they are given a bucket and a shovel.
Kristen- Japan
1. Sushi, is a common meal, which can be served raw.
2. Japaneses is the main language spoken in Japan.
3. Mattsuo Bosho, is a famous author in Japan.
4. It is one of the most educated population of people.
5.The government is a constitutional monarchy, and they use prime ministers.
Tatylor- Fiji
1. Education in Fiji is highly expensive.
2. There is no native language for Fiji, however, most people speak English.
3. There are many childrens story in Fiji, mostly about happiness.
4. A custom in Fiji, is to not wear hats in the villiage, becasue its dissrespectful.
5. Jovvo is a huge feast in Fiji.
Raychel- Italy
1. The capitol city of Italy is Rome.
2. Leonardo Divinchi, is a famous person, and writer from Italy.
3. Famous books are cinderelle, and "uno, dos, tres, quatro."
4. The food is very traditional.
5. Befanda, delivers presents on January 5th.
Karlie- Eygpt
1. They only give flowers for weddings.
2. The preseident stepped down, so they are currently ruled by the military.
3. They speak Arabic, and have their own dialect for speaking.
4. One of the journalists in Egypt is named Omar.
5. Handshakes are a way to greet people.
Paige- Argentina
1 Iguazoo falls is a popular tourist attractions.
2. The official language is spanish.
3. There are few popular childrens books but one is named "The Magic Bean Tree."
4. Children play a lot of the same things we do, including sports like their most famous sport, soccer.
5. Most buisnesses close during lunch, so people can go home and eat.
Katara- France
1. France's flag has red, white, and blue stripes.
2. Ingrediants vary for diferent regions in France.
3. Victor Hugo wrote the Hunchback of Notre Dame.
4. American children stories mean the same thing in France.
5. They have toy libraries so you can check out whatever toy you want.
Gunnar- Thailand
1. The currency is the Baht.
2. Their government is a parliamentary government, in which it is ruled by a King.
3. They have three army branches, and one of the biggest armies in the world.
4. Education is free up to age seventeen.
5. The average IQ for someone in Thailand is 98, and they have one of the highest literary rates in the world.
Dale- Panama
1. The population is 3,515,820.
2. They are mostly Roman Catholic.
3. The capitol is Panama City.
4. Childrens play with marbles, dolls, cars, etc...
5. The government is a Constitutional Republic.
Courtney- Scotland
1. The language is similar to English, but spelling and pronunciations are different.
2. Children play with the same things kids in America play with.
3. The government was created in 1999, and has remained the same.
4. The education is different from ours, becasue they get payed for school after 18.
5. Haggus is a common food.
Josh- United Kingom
1. The capitol city is London.
2. The most common language is English.
3. One of the most famous authors is J.K. Rowling, who wrote Harry Potter.
4. A popular sport is cricket, which is a mix of baseball, golf, and bowling.
5. Fish and chips is a common meal.
Viola- Ireland
1. The population is 4,481,000 people.
2. Mary Teresa Robinson is a recent leader.
3. The language is mostly Irish.
4. Irish literature became fully literate in the 15th century.
5. Letter, is a game commonly played, and it is like duck, duck, goose.
Gabbrielle- Bolivia
1. The population is 10,118,603.
2. Spanish is the most common language, but they speak about 30 different languages.
3. Humpty Dumpty is a famous nursery rhyme.
4. Most of the games are based on education.
5. Bolivia is a Republic.
Abby- Madagascar
1. The population is 24.1 million.
2. Malai, is a common language, along with English and French.
3. The Monkey is a classic nursery rhyme.
4. Roboka is a form of tag.
5. The cheif of state is the president of Madagascar.
Chase- Venezuala
1. The population is 27,635,743.
2. Spanish is the main language.
3. Jose, is a famous writer.
4. Traditional toys are marbles and tops.
5. Their government is a federal Republic.
Sara- Sweden
1. One or two days before Christmas, they put up their Christmas Tree.
2. Many famous authors came from Sweden.
3. Childrens literature is very important in Sweden.
4. Most kids play with marbles, dolls, etc...
5. They have a constitutional democracy, mixed with a parliamentary democracy.
Kelsea- El Saavdor
1. Children and elderly drink coffee, while teens drink soda.
2. A lot of people speak Spanish, but some stil speak their native language.
3. Poetry is the most common form of literature.
4. Most kids play with common American toys.
5. Traditional food is made with corn.
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